| laugher5000 |  |
|
 |
 等级: 七星级 |
|
| 贴子:2294 |
| 积分:7356 |
| E币:71 |
| 注册:2007-09-24 |
|
|
|
|
第 3 楼 |
|
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rat**er
Rat**ing From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Rat**er) Jump to: navigation, search Rat**ing is an American slang term for political sabotage or dirty tricks. It was first brought to public attention by Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein in their book All the President's Men.
Contents [hide] 1 Background 2 Usage in the U.S. military 3 Other Usages 4 References
[edit] Background Woodward and Bernstein's exposé All the President's Men reports that many staffers who had attended the University of Southern California such as Donald Segretti, Tim Elbourne, Ronald Louis Ziegler, H. R. Haldeman and Dwight Chapin had participated in the highly-competitive student elections there. UPI reporter Karlyn Barker sent Woodward and Bernstein a memo "Notes On the USC Crowd" that outlined the connection. Fraternities, sororities and underground fraternal coordinating organizations such as Theta Nu Epsilon and their splintered rival "Trojans for Representative Government" engaged in creative tricks and underhanded tactics to win student elections.[1][2][3] Officially, control over minor funding and decision-making on campus life was at stake but the positions also gave bragging rights and prestige. It was either promoted by or garnered the interest of major political figures on the USC board of trustees such as Dean Rusk and John A. McCone.[4][5] It was here that the term rat**ing had its origin. It is unclear whether it was derived from the military term for stealing the better part of military rations and tossing the less appetizing portions away or if the military adopted the phrase from the political lexicon.
[edit] Usage in the U.S. military The term rat**ing (rat in this case is shorthand for ration) is the unofficial slang term used by U.S. soldiers in the Army (and possibly other branches) to mean the targeted pillaging of MREs (Meals Ready-To-Eat), which the U.S. military calls "field stripping". It refers to the process of opening a case of MREs, of which there are twelve in a box, then opening up individual MRE packages, and removing the desired items (generally M&M's and other sweets), and leaving the unenticing remainder. It is a common but generally frowned-upon practice.[6]
[edit] Other Usages An early use of the term (as "rat-**") appears in Edmund Wilson's "The Twenties" in an entry dated February, 1922.[7]
[edit] References ^ Domingo, William (2006-04-07). "Is the President of the United States the head rat**er?". DailyKos. http://www.dailykos.com/story/2006/4/7/22533/89209. Retrieved on 2007-03-27. ^ http://www.greeninstitute.net/subpages/editor_2005-07.asp ^ Matt Taibbi, Meet Mr. Republican: Jack Abramoff, Rolling Stone, March 24, 2006. ^ http://www.namebase.org/usctrust.html ^ http://www.namebase.org/mccone.html ^ Lopez, C (2008, March 7). New combat chow options revealed. Retrieved April 18, 2008, from Military.com Web site: http://www.military.com/features/0,15240,163560,00.html ^ Edmund Wilson, The Twenties, ed Leon Edel, Farrar Straus and Giroux, 1975, p. 116 Retrieved from " http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rat**ing"
|
|
|
Email:laugher5000@163.com MSN:laugher5000@163.com QQ:61945533 Blog: http://blog.sina.com.cn/laugher5000 专业英语八级,现任专职项目翻译 口译专长:项目现场口译,陪同口译 笔译专长:美国FDA和欧盟医药类法规、指南,药厂工程翻译
|
|
|